ВАРИАНТ 4 I. Различие между американским и британским английским языком. II. Выберите правильную форму глагола, согласующуюся с подлежащим. Запишите составленные предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Example: The news is / are bad. Новости – плохие. 1. I believe congratulations are/ is in order! 2. The police have/ has been called in. 3. No news is/ are good news. 4. Troops were/ was sent in to restore order. III. Выберите нужную форму прилагательного или наречия. Запишите составленные предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Напишите три формы сравнения этих прилагательных или наречий. Example: He was a bit depressed yesterday but he looks happily / happier today. Вчера он был слегка расстроен, а сегодня выгладит более счастливым. happy – happier – the happiest 1. In late spring the gulls nest high/ highly on the cliff face. 2. Evolution happens more slowly/ slow during periods of climatic stability. 3. I thought you spoke very well/ good in that meeting yesterday. 4. This is our fastest/more fastly selling product. IV. Выберите нужные местоимения. Запишите составленные предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Example: He didn’t come to some/ any results. Он не пришел ни к какому результату. 1. He wants to see us but we/ she don’t want to see his/ him. 2. They know our/ us address but we don’t know theirs/ their. 3. Don’t pay for me. I want to pay for me/ myself. 4. There is hardly anybody/ nobody to be seen on the streets of the centre, after dusk. V. Соедините части (1-4) с (а-d). Запишите составленные предложения, переведите их на русский язык. 1. A lot of people think that the Sun goes … a. He speaks six languages fluently. 2. Newton made his great discovery … b. around the Earth. 3. We’ll make every effort to answer your enquiry … c. while he was sitting under a tree. 4. Philip is an excellent linguist. d. as soon as possible. VI. Раскройте скобки, употребив подходящее по смыслу производное слово. Запишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Example: The (major) majority of students took the (examine) examination successfully. 1. My snaps are either a complete (fail) for technical reasons, or just not very (imagine). 2. When he wears a coat it is always old and (wear). 3. Who exactly (invention) the computer? 4. Any time I operate any kind of (equip) something terrible happens. Работа над текстом I. Прочитайте текст, постарайтесь понять его содержание и выберите заглавие к тексту. Development of Engineering Science and Engineering Engineering Specialties 1. One result of the rapid expansion of scientific knowledge was an increase in the number of engineering specialties. By the end of the nineteenth century not only were mechanical, civil, and mining and metallurgical engineering established but the newer specialties of chemical and electrical engineering also emerged. This growth in the number of specialties is continuing with the establishment of such disciplines as aerospace, nuclear, petroleum, and electronic engineering. Many of these are subdivisions of earlier specialties – for example, electronic from electrical engineering or petroleum from chemical. Within the field of mechanical engineering the major subdivision is industrial engineering which is concerned with complete mechanical systems for industry rather than individual machines. 2. Engineers design and make machines, equipment and the like. Such work requires creative ability and a working knowledge of scientific principles. The engineer must also have an understanding of the various processes and materials available to him/her and could be working in any of the following areas: the organization of manufacture, research and development, design, construction, sales and education. 3. Because of the large number of engineering fields today there are often many different kinds of engineers working on large projects such as the development of nuclear power or new aircraft. In the design of a new aircraft mechanical engineers work not only on the plane's engines but on other mechanical aspects such as the braking system. When the aircraft goes into production mechanical and industrial engineers are involved in designing the machines necessary to fabricate the different parts as well as the entire system for assembling them. In both phases of such a project mechanical engineers work with specialists in fields such as aerospace and electronic engineering. Each engineer is a member of a team often headed by a systems engineer able to combine the contributions made by all the different disciplines. 4. Another result of the increase of scientific knowledge is that engineering has become a profession. A profession is an occupation like law or medicine that requires specialized advanced education. Today it requires at least four or five years of university study leading to a Bachelor of Science degree. More and more often engineers, especially those engaged in research, get an advanced master's or doctor's degree. Even those engineers who do not study for advanced degrees must keep up with changes in their profession. A mechanical engineer who does not know about new materials cannot successfully compete with one who does. II. Вы ознакомились с содержанием текста. Как вы поняли из контекста значение словосочетаний industrial engineer, systems engineer? III. Суммируйте информацию текста, завершив следующие высказывания соответствующими окончаниями из правого столбца. 1. Engineering is based on... a) to the growth in the number of engineering fields. 2. The rapid increase of scientific knowledge leads... b) that each engineer keeps up with changes in his profession. 3. Another result of the increase of scientific knowledge is... c) a large number of different kinds of engineering specialties. 4. Profession is an occupation... d) that requires specialized advanced education 5. Because of the large number of engineering fields the development of a complex mechanism requires... e) that engineering has become a profession. IV. Переведите письменно абзац 4 текста.
