I. Выберите правильную форму глагола, согласующуюся с подлежащим. Запишите составленные предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Example: The news is/are bad. Новости - плохие. 1. The talks are/ is going ahead between the Government and the unions. 2. Politics is/ are a dirty business. 3. I bought a pair of jeans which were/ was much cheaper. 4. Cattle are/is kept for their meat.
Решение: 1. The talks are going ahead between the Government and the unions. Переговоры проходят заранее между правительством и объединениями. 2. Politics is a dirty business. Политика – грязный бизнес. 3. I bought a pair of jeans which was much cheaper. Я купила пару джинсов, которые были наиболее дешевые. 4. Cattle are kept for their meat. Скот держится для мяса.
II. Выберите нужную форму прилагательного или наречия. Запишите составленные предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Напишите три формы сравнения этих прилагательных или наречий. Example: He was a bit depressed yesterday but he looks happily / happier today. Вчера он был слегка расстроен, а сегодня выглядит более счастливым. happy – happier – the happiest 1. There’s been a lot of talk about European integration late/ lately. 2. Do you feel nervous/ nervously before the examinations? 3. Michael Faraday contributed significant/ significantly to the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. 4. There was a terrible/ terribly change in the weather.
Решение: 1. There’s been a lot of talk about European integration lately. В последнее время ходит много разговоров о европейской интеграции. Lately – more lately – the most lately 2. Do you feel nervous before the examinations? Ты нервно чувствуешь себя перед экзаменами? (Ты нервничаешь перед экзаменами?) Nervous – more nervous – the most nervous 3. Michael Faraday contributed significantly to the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. Майкл Фарадей превосходно содействовал электромагнетизму и электрохимии. Significantly – more significantly – the most significantly 4. There was a terrible change in the weather. Произошло ужасное изменение в погоде. Terrible – more terrible – the most terrible
III. Выберите нужные местоимения. Запишите составленные предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Example: He didn’t come to some/any results. Он не пришел ни к какому результату. 1. I want to see him but they/he doesn’t want to see mine/me. 2. These books are mine but this/those newspaper is yours. 3. Be careful! That plate is very hot. Don’t burn you/yourself. 4. That new chess champion is amazing. Anyone/No one can beat him!
Решение: 1. I want to see him but he doesn’t want to see me. Я хочу увидеть его, но он не хочет видеть меня. 2. These books are mine but this newspaper is yours. Эти книги мои, но эта газета твоя. 3. Be careful! That plate is very hot. Don’t burn yourself. Будь осторожен! То блюдо очень горячее. Не обожгись. 4. That new chess champion is amazing. No one can beat him! Тот новый чемпион по шахматам поразительный. Никто не может его победить!
IV. Соедините части (1-4) с (а-d). Запишите составленные предложения, переведите их на русский язык. 1. Do interest rates usually go up in … 2. They built most houses out of wood… The Chancellor will announce the details of the budget… She has an important project to finish… a. by next week so she is working in the evenings at present. b. order to reduce inflation? c. long ago. d. at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
Решение: 1. Do interest rates usually go up in order to reduce inflation? Показатели заинтересованности поднимаются обычно вслед за ослаблением инфляции? 2. They built most houses out of wood long ago. Они давно построили много домов вне леса. 3. The Chancellor will announce the details of the budget at 10 o’clock tomorrow. Канцлер объявит детали бюджета завтра в 10 часов. 4. She has an important project to finish by next week so she is working in the evenings at present. У нее был настолько важный план закончить к следующей неделе, что она в настоящее время работает по вечерам.
V. Составьте и запишите предложения из данных слов. Example: mother/was/when/to/my/yesterday/her/busy/went/I /see. My mother was busy when I went to see her yesterday. 1. parents/is/most/thing/your/family/for/life/the/important? 2. three/most/families/of/children/and/American/consist/a/of/a/mother/father. 3. like/who/and/I/are/people/noisy/don’t/aggressive. 4. was/strange/the/smiled/there/something/about/way/he.
Решение: 1. Is family life the most important thing for your parents? 2. Most of American families consist of a mother, а father and three children 3. I don’t like people who are noisy and aggressive 4. There was something strange about the way he smiled
VI. Раскройте скобки, употребив подходящее по смыслу производное слово. Запишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Example: The (major) majority of students took the (examine) examination successfully. 1. I recently left my job in an (advertise) agency after a (agree) with my boss. 2. My next door neighbour has a very unusual (appear). 3. When I was at school I decided to study (engine). 4. Nowadays you need to have (special) knowledge just to use the DVD.
Решение: 1. I recently left my job in an advertising agency after an agreement with my boss. Я часто оставляю свою работу в рекламном агентстве после согласования с моим начальником. 1. My next door neighbour has a very unusual appearance. У моего соседа за следующей дверью было необычайное выступление 2. When I was at school I decided to study engineering. Когда я учился в школе, я решил изучать машиностроение 3. Nowadays you need to have specialized knowledge just to use the DVD. В настоящее время вы должны иметь специализированные знания, чтобы просто пользоваться DVD.
Работа над текстом
I. Ознакомьтесь с незнакомыми словами к тексту. an inventor /In'ventq/ изобретатель to claim /'kleIm/ требование, претензия to be responsible for отвечать за advance /q'dvRns/ прогресс, успех to be associated with ассоциироваться, быть связанным с elocutionist /'elq'kjHSqnIst/ преподаватель дикции to ameliorate /q'mJlIqreIt/ улучшать (ся) deafness /'defnIs/ глухота a beam /bJm/ луч a precursor /prI'kWsq/ предвестник, предшественник visible /'vIzIbl/ видимый
II. Прочитайте текст, постарайтесь понять его содержание.
Alexander Graham Bell 1. Alexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-American-Canadian scientist and inventor. He was, until recently, widely considered to be the inventor of the telephone, although this matter has become controversial, with a number of people claiming that Antonio Meucci was the 'real' inventor. In addition to his work in telecommunications technology, he was responsible for important advances in aviation and hydrofoil technology. 2. Alexander Graham Bell was educated at the Royal High School of Edinburgh, from which he graduated at the age of 13. At the age of 16 he secured a position as a pupil-teacher of elocution and music in Weston House Academy at Elgin, Scotland. The next year he spent at the University of Edinburgh. While still in Scotland he is said to have turned his attention (ему сказали обратить внимание) to the science of acoustics, with a view to ameliorate the deafness of his mother. In 1870, at the age of 23, he immigrated with his family to Canada, where they settled at Brantford. 3. Before he left Scotland, Bell had turned his attention to telephony, and in Canada he continued an interest in communication machines. He designed a piano which could transmit its music to a distance by means of electricity. In 1873, he accompanied his father to Montreal, Canada, where he was employed in teaching the system of visible speech. The elder Bell was invited to introduce the system into a large day-school for mutes at Boston, but he declined the post in favour of his son, who became Professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution at Boston University's School of Oratory. 4. At Boston University he continued his research in the same field, and produced a telephone which would not only send musical notes, but articulate speech. On March 7, 1876, the U.S. Patent Office granted him Patent № 174 465 covering "the method of, and apparatus for, transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically…” the telephone. 5. After obtaining the patent for the telephone, Bell continued his many experiments in communication, which culminated in the invention of the photophone-transmission of sound on a beam of light – a precursor of today's optical fiber systems. He also worked in medical research and invented techniques for teaching speech to the deaf. The range of Bell's inventive genius is represented only in part by the eighteen patents granted in his name alone and the twelve he shared with his collaborators.
III. Укажите, какое из данных утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста. 1. A.G. Bell is unanimously considered to be the inventor of the telephone. 2. Nobody claims that the telephone was invented by A. Meucci. 3. A.M.Bell described the method of teaching deaf mutes to understand what other people were saying by the motion of their lips.
Ответ: A.M.Bell described the method of teaching deaf mutes to understand what other people were saying by the motion of their lips.
IV. Выберите правильные ответы на вопросы. 1) Why did A.G. Bell become interested in acoustics? a. He wanted to ameliorate the deafness of his mother. b. He wanted to send long-distance signals.
Ответ: He wanted to ameliorate the deafness of his mother.
2) What A.G. Bell’s invention is considered a predecessor of modern fiber systems? a. The invention of a selenium cell. b. The invention of the photophone – transmission of sound on a beam of light.
Ответ: The invention of the photophone – transmission of sound on a beam of light.
V. Прочитайте предложения. Выберите правильный вариант перевода. 1) The latter published a lot of works on the subject, several of which are well known. a. Последний из них опубликовал множество работ по этой теме, некоторые из которых хорошо известны. b. Последний опубликовал множество работ по этому предмету, некоторые из них широко известны.
Ответ: Последний из них опубликовал множество работ по этой теме, некоторые из которых хорошо известны.
2) At Boston University he continued his research in the same field. a. В Бостонском Университете он продолжил исследования в поле. b. В Бостонском Университете он продолжил исследования в той же области.
Ответ: В Бостонском Университете он продолжил исследования в той же области
3) The range of Bell’s inventive genius is represented only in part by the eighteen patents. a. Диапазон изобретенного гения Белла распространяется только в области его восемнадцати патентов. b. Диапазон гениальности Белла, как изобретателя, представлен только частично в его восемнадцати патентах.
Ответ: Диапазон гениальности Белла, как изобретателя, представлен только частично в его восемнадцати патентах.
VI. Переведите письменно абзацы 3 – 5 текста “A.G. Bell”. 3. Before he left Scotland, Bell had turned his attention to telephony, and in Canada he continued an interest in communication machines. He designed a piano which could transmit its music to a distance by means of electricity.
In 1873, he accompanied his father to Montreal, Canada, where he was employed in teaching the system of visible speech. The elder Bell was invited to introduce the system into a large day-school for mutes at Boston, but he declined the post in favour of his son, who became Professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution at Boston University's School of Oratory.
4. At Boston University he continued his research in the same field, and produced a telephone which would not only send musical notes, but articulate speech. On March 7, 1876, the U.S. Patent Office granted him Patent № 174 465 covering "the method of, and apparatus for, transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically…” the telephone.
5. After obtaining the patent for the telephone, Bell continued his many experiments in communication, which culminated in the invention of the photophone-transmission of sound on a beam of light – a precursor of today's optical fiber systems. He also worked in medical research and invented techniques for teaching speech to the deaf. The range of Bell's inventive genius is represented only in part by the eighteen patents granted in his name alone and the twelve he shared with his collaborators. Перед тем, как он покинул Шотландию, Белл обратил свое внимание на телефонию, и в Канаде он продолжил увлечение коммуникационными устройствами. Он создал пианино, которое могло передавать свою музыку на расстоянии при помощи электричества. В 1873 он сопровождал своего отца в Монреаль, Канаду, где он занялся преподаванием систем видимых звуковых колебаний. Старший Белл был приглашен для внедрения системы в крупную общеобразовательную школу немых в Бостоне, но он отказался от должности в пользу сына, который стал Профессором Речевой Физиологии и Дикции в Бостонской Университетской Школе Ораторского искусства.
В Бостонском Университете он продолжил свои исследования в той же области, и произвел телефон, который мог не только посылать музыкальные ноты, но отчетливо воспроизводить речь. 7 марта 1876 г. Американская Патентная Служба предоставила ему Патент № 174 465, сохраняющий его право на «метод и аппаратуру для передачи голоса или других звуков телеграфически…» телефон. После получения патента на телефон Белл продолжил свои многочисленные эксперименты и коммуникации, которые закончились изобретением фототелефонной передачи звука по световому лучу – предшественник современных оптоволоконных систем. Он также работал над медицинскими исследованиями и изобрел оборудование для обучения речи глухих. Диапазон изобретательной гениальности Белла представлен только частично в его восемнадцати патентах, выданных только на его имя, и двенадцать он разделил со своими сотрудниками.
